FURTHER READING

Catherine Adams and Elizabeth Pleck, Love of Freedom: Black Women in Colonial and Revolutionary New England (2010)

Millington W. Bergeson-Lockwood, Race Over Party: Black Politics and Partisanship in Late Nineteenth Century Boston (2018)

Adelaide M. Cromwell, The Other Brahmins: Boston’s Black Upper Class1750 – 1950 (1995)

Franklin A. Dorman, ed. Twenty Families of Color in Massachusetts, 1742 – 1998 (1998)

Eric Foner, Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad (2016)

Janette Thomas Greenwood, First Fruits of Freedom: The Migration of Former Slaves and Their Search for Equality in Worcester, Massachusetts, 1862-1900 (2010)

Marilyn Halter, Between Race and Ethnicity: Cape Verdean American Immigrants 1860 - 1965 (1993)

Marilyn Halter and Violet Showers Johnson, African & American:West Africans in Post-Civil Rights America (2014)

Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery and Dependence in Eighteenth-Century Boston (2017)

James Horton, Black Bostonians: Family Life and Community Struggle in the Antebellum North 1750 – 1950 (2000)

James O. and Lois E. Horton, In Hope of Liberty: Culture, Community,and Protest Among Northern Free Blacks 1700 – 1860 (1998)

James Jennings et al., “The State of Black Boston: A Select Demographic Profile” (2010)

Violet Showers Johnson, The Other Black Bostonians: West Indians in Boston 1900 - 1950 (2010)

Daniel R. Mandel, Tribe, Race, History: Native Americans in Southern New England 1780 - 1880 (2010)

Joanne Pope Melish, Disowning Slavery: Gradual Emancipation and“Race” in New England 1780 - 1860 (2000)

Stephen Kantrowitz, More Than Freedom: Fighting for Black Citizenship in a White Republic 1829 - 1889 (2013)

Jason Sokol, All Eyes Are Upon Us: Race and Politics From Boston to Brooklyn (2014)

Wendy Warren, New England Bound: Slavery and Colonization in Early America (2016)

Craig Steven Wilder, Ebony and Ivy: Race, Slavery, and the Troubled History of America's Universities (2013)